(4) Establish a retransmission station. Doing this can increase the
range and power of a signal between two or more radio stations.
This is
often available method to improve the signal-to-jamming ratio.
(5) Relocate the antenna.
The signal-to-jamming ratio can often be
improved by relocating the antenna and its affected radio set.
This may
mean moving a few or several hundred meters. Relocate the antenna and its
radio so there is a terrain feature between them and any suspected enemy
jammer.
c. Use an alternate route for communications.
Enemy jamming may
prevent us from communicating with a radio station. If communications are
degraded between two radio stations that must communicate, there may be
another radio station or route available.
That radio station or route
should be used as a relay between the two other radio stations.
d. Change frequencies.
Enemy jamming may not be overcome using the
above measures. If so, a net may be directed to switch to an alternate or
spare frequency.
Dummy stations may continue to operate on the jammed
frequency to mask the change to an alternate frequency. This action must be
planned and coordinated. During jamming, coordinating a change of frequency
is difficult. Radio operators should know when and under what circumstances
they are to switch to alternate or spare frequencies. If not done smoothly,
the enemy may discover what is happening and try to jam the new frequency.
5.
Electromagnetic Pulse.
EMP results from the effects of nuclear
detonations or from weapons designed to produce the same effect.
It can
have a major impact on communications. Such detonations can cause changes
in atmospheric conditions (a transient effect).
They can also damage
electronic signal equipment via intense gamma radiation.
a. Our signal and other electronic equipment are increasingly
susceptible to EMP. This is due to the extensive use of microcircuits,
semiconductors, and transistors.
b. The ability to repair quickly and reintegrate EMP-damaged portions
of a communications system with minimum confusion is very important. This
requires that procedures to protect equipment become second nature to all
personnel. The following are some protection procedures:
(1) Wires and cables should be shielded and properly grounded.
(2) Excess cabling should be taken from its reel and stretched to its
full length. It should never be left wound on a reel.
(3) Whenever possible, cables should be buried a depth of a foot or
more to partially shield the cable from EMP.
3-7
SS0135
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