(1) Comprehensive draft. Attach a clean sheet of tracing paper to
the layout board and make a comprehensive version of the rough draft you
selected as the final layout. Using the rough draft you selected,
measure the copy area, cut the galley copy, fit the copy into the area
you roughed out for the copy, and tape it down. You now have the
opportunity to move the copy so it fits evenly in the column areas or
make any other changes you feel necessary. When you have finished
moving the copy and are satisfied with its placement, mark off the
windows for the graphics in the article.
(2) Final layout. When the comprehensive draft meets your
approval, start the final layout process. Using the comprehensive
layout as a guide, cut the slick copy and apply it to the format sheet
on the layboard with a light coating of adhesive or adhesive wax. When
you have the copy in place, block out the graphic window areas with
"rubylith," paraopaque, or by blackening out the area with ink or
black paper. When the lithographer photographs your layout, the
negative shows the graphic window areas as clear windows. When the
article includes photographs, he then screens them as halftone negative
and "strips" them in the windows.
(3) Cropping and scaling. You prepare the graphic or photographs
for inclusion in the article by cropping, scaling, and annotating the
graphics or photos so the printer knows exactly what you want him to do.
The majority of the time, the graphics and photos are not particularly
suited for the layout because they are the wrong size or contain too
much unwanted image area. You correct this problem by careful cropping.
There are two different methods available for you to use when cropping a
picture: (1) tissueoverlay and (2) white opaquing fluid. Each method
accomplishes the same thing; however, the tissueoverlay does not
destroy the graphic or photograph. When cropping a graphic or picture,
remember to maintain the same heighttoweight ratio as the graphic's
window you created in the layout.
(a) Tissueoverlay cropping method. Most illustrators use the
tissueoverlay method when cropping graphics or photographs. For this
method, you place a piece of tracing paper over the entire graphic or
photograph and use a colored marker to enclose the area you
photographed. (Remember to maintain the same ratio as the window on the
layout.)
After you have marked the area of the graphic or photo you want
photographed, you must size it for placement in the window in the
layout. First you add dimension lines outside the box and
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