segment to number of degrees the segment uses. You must add 117 and
90, which equals 207. Continue plotting using the same procedure:
117
90
207
+
=
(the
end
of
the
second segment)
207
72
279
+
=
(the
end
of
the
third segment)
279
54
333
+
=
(the
end
of
the
fourth segment)
333
27
360
+
=
(the
end
of
the
fifth segment)
When you have plotted all the segments, draw a radius from each point to
the center of the circle.
Take a moment and review the plotting procedure used with a standard
protractor.
You placed the "0" graduation at the 12 o'clock position
(which placed the 180 graduation at the 6 o'clock position). You plotted
the largest segment first, moving clockwise.
The end of the first
segment served as the start for the second segment and so on.
You
plotted the segments largest to smallest moving clockwise. You used all
of the circle's 360 degrees for your pie chart. If the last segment did
not end at the "0" graduation, then you made a mistake and you must
recheck your work.
(3) Lettering the pie chart.
With all the segments of the pie
chart completed, your next step is to letter the pie chart.
When
lettering the chart, you show what each segment represents (i.e.,
housing, food, transportation, etc.) and what percentage of the total the
segment represents.
You do NOT show the number of degrees a segment contains. If the size of
the segment does not allow you to place the lettering inside the segment,
place the lettering close enough to the segment so the reader can read it
without taking their eyes off the chart. Use a leader line to ensure the
reader knows which segment the information pertains. When the size of
the pie chart prohibits any lettering, or you use colors or patterns to
replace the lettering, use a legend in the lower right-hand corner.
(4) Adding contrast to a pie chart. To add contrast to the pie
chart, you can add crosshatch or color to the segments.
(a) How to add color or patterns.
Remember, when adding
patterns or colors to the chart, you apply them light to dark, moving
clockwise, and starting with the largest segment. Additionally, you must
ensure the patterns or colors added to the chart do not cover any
lettering on-the chart Since this often makes the lettering hard for the
reader to see and comprehend.
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