2.
Radio Maintenance.
ECCM depend on proper radio maintenance and
alignment. A radio operator's skill and effectiveness affect the ability to
protect transmissions and provide effective ECCM.
These include initial
procedures and reviewing equipment technical manuals for operating
instructions.
They also include setting up the radio set and reviewing
cable connections and control settings.
An operator should operate his
radio according to his unit's radio requirements. These procedures should
include:
a. Inspecting the set for completeness.
b. Inspecting the radio's condition. Look at the condition of knobs,
dials, switches, and controls.
Also inspect plugs, receptacles, and
connectors.
c. Reviewing dial, switch, and control settings.
d. Following start-up and shutdown procedures contained in equipment
manuals.
3.
Single-Channel Techniques.
Single-channel radio procedures that help
defeat enemy EW efforts are specific operator procedures and actions based
on the means of transmissions.
The means normally used include
radiotelegraph, radiotelephone, and radio teletypewriter (RATT).
Good
training, operator expertise, and operator adherence to signal discipline
help to defeat enemy EW operations.
a. Radiotelegraph is the most reliable means available to send data and
the easiest to detect. It uses normal communications procedures. It also
uses procedure signs (prosigns) and operating signals to reduce the time
needed to set up and maintain effective data transfer.
Reducing
transmission time is the most effective anti-EW support measure (anti-ESM)
technique.
(1) When properly used, prosigns convey information, requests,
orders, and instructions.
To reduce the effectiveness of enemy EW,
operators should not use unauthorized prosigns.
This could allow enemy
analysts to identify or isolate a station or operator.
(2) Operating signals are three-letter signals beginning with the
letter Q or Z.
RATT operators use them to expedite communications.
Operating signals must be encrypted as part of an encrypted message.
Examples are QSA, QSY, ZEV, and ZKJ.
b. Radiotelephone
provides
rapid,
short-range,
person-to-person
communications among mobile and air units. However, it has little defense
against enemy electronic countermeasures (ECM). It also has little defense
against message exploitation unless a security device is used.
There are
several basic rules for radiotelephone that provide some security and signal
protection.
SS0135
2-4
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